Raymond Blanc

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Raymond Blanc

A legend amongst legends, Raymond Blanc's impact on the UK's food scene over the past three decades is unmatched.

There are only a handful of chefs who have achieved household-name status. Tom Kerridge, Marcus Wareing, Jamie Oliver, Gordon Ramsay, Heston Blumenthal – all these chefs are incredible in their own right, popping up on our televisions and straddling the line between presenter and cook. But few can hold a candle to Raymond Blanc, a chef who has single-handedly been transforming Britain’s food scene since the 1970s. A genuine trailblazer, Raymond was seeking out organic ingredients before most chefs knew what the word organic meant; his two-starred Oxfordshire restaurant Le Manoir has been delighting diners for over thirty years, and eating there is an experience which embodies the idea of hospitality perfectly. All this from a self-taught chef who simply loved food in all its forms.

Growing up in a small village called Saône in eastern France, food was a huge part of daily life for Raymond and his four siblings throughout the 1950s and ‘60s. ‘I was completely surrounded by food every day of my life growing up,’ he says. ‘We were a working-class family of seven and almost everything we ate came from our garden. From the age of seven, my friends would be out playing football, my sisters cooking in the kitchen and me and my brothers would be gardening. I got to know the earth and the cycles of the seasons very, very well. Outside of the garden, we would go foraging and hunting. I knew where to find partridge eggs, could identify every wild mushroom and bring back buckets of berries and wild flowers to sell on the side of the road to make a little extra money.’

Having such a close connection to nature and growing ingredients from scratch was a necessity for the Blanc family, but it instilled in Raymond a true love for quality produce. A potato was never just a potato; each variety they grew had a different purpose. But Raymond rarely had a chance to actually cook – that was his beloved Maman Blanc’s job, along with his two sisters. ‘It never entered my mind to become a chef. It was the women in the family who always cooked – I would be the one who hunted or gutted the rabbits, for my mother to then cook.’

It wasn’t until Raymond was around seventeen years old that he got his first true taste of hospitality. After venturing to the nearby city of Besançon, he sat outside the Michelin-starred restaurant Le Palais de la Bière and watched the maitre d’ in action. ‘He would carve meat and flambé the crêpes suzette at the table. To me, it was like watching the ballet. All these young waiters were wearing Bordeaux jackets with silver epaulettes, looking so smart and waltzing around with such grace. I instantly fell completely, desperately in love with food and hospitality, and immediately asked the boss for a job. He patiently listened to me talk for an hour about how much I loved food and ingredients and how I could be a great chef one day – and then gave me a job as a cleaner!’

Despite not being involved with the food, Raymond was thankful for the job and worked as hard as he could to become the best possible cleaner he could be. ‘I polished surfaces until they shone like the mirrors at the Louvre; I would clean these huge eighteenth-century murals with a pan of vinegar until there wasn’t a single smear,’ he says. ‘I did my job so well that I was promoted to washing up, and then moved on to cleaning the glassware.’

Being in charge of the glasses gave Raymond the opportunity to taste the wines that were served at the restaurant, and within six months his knowledge of the different French varieties was huge. But he was still totally obsessed with food, finishing shifts at midnight only to spend hours reading everything he could on the subject. When he was finally promoted and became a waiter in the early 1970s, he finally had a chance to engage with the chefs and get up close and personal with the dishes. However, the head chef didn’t take to this too kindly.

‘The head chef was a tall man with a very nasty temper; I’d seen him throw around pans plenty of times. I started suggesting things to him – how about putting a little paprika in this, or a pinch of cayenne pepper in that? I just wanted to learn more about how he cooked his food, but he didn’t like it at all. One day, I approached him and he hit me in the face. I ended up in hospital with a broken jaw and broken teeth, then lost my job.’

This assault would put most off a career in restaurants, but Raymond wasn’t swayed. After being told he wouldn’t ever find a job as a waiter in Besançon again, the manager of the restaurant organised a job in England. As a fan of rock and roll and English culture, Raymond set off for a new life across the Channel.

‘I got a job as a waiter at a beautiful country inn called The Rose Revived, and within a few months I became the head waiter. It was appalling – nobody could understand a word I said! – but I was charming, and that’s what it’s all about. Eventually, the chef fell ill and I took on his position. I immediately planted a little kitchen garden, started to cook the food I loved and bought the tallest chef’s hat I could find!’

Within a month, the inn was full of customers as news of Raymond’s cooking spread. After working in a few other restaurants in Oxford, in 1977 he eventually opened Le Quat’ Saisons in the city centre, after mortgaging his house. ‘The restaurant was on the wrong side of the road on the wrong side of the city,’ he says. ‘All I had was an oven from 1956, a Kenwood from 1962, some eighth-hand tablecloths and a little plastic cockerel in front of the building. I painted the exterior in blue, white and red, so you knew you were about to enter a French restaurant. But I cooked my heart out. In a year, we had our first Michelin star. By 1981, we had our second.’

For a self-taught chef to gain two Michelin stars at their first restaurant so quickly is nothing short of incredible – but it took an awful lot of work. There were only five chefs in the kitchen, and Raymond would work eighteen hours a day, fuelled by espressos and an unwavering desire to become the best chef and restaurant owner he could be.

‘We didn’t have a garden, so I would get up at 5am, pick all the salad and vegetables, then work until 1am in the morning,’ he recalls. ‘It was hard work, of course, but this was the key to our success. However, even with two Michelin stars, we knew we were doing something more important. We were creating a vision which was about people – both our guests and the staff. We wanted to create an environment which was about joy, about celebration, about teaching. Somewhere that championed beauty in every single form.’

It was this that led to Raymond buying a manor house away from the city, in a small Oxfordshire village called Great Milton. This became Le Manoir aux Quat’ Saisons as we know it today; a magnificent restaurant and hotel which offers one of the best culinary experiences in the world. Retaining his two stars (which were awarded even before the restaurant opened!) and now able to create the garden he always wanted, Le Manoir quickly became a mecca for both diners and chefs who wanted to experience hospitality at its very finest – a status it has retained ever since.

While Le Manoir and its many gardens will always be the jewel in Raymond’s crown, he has done so much more than create a world-class restaurant. His chain of Brasserie Blanc restaurants across the country offer incredible food at a more accessible level (whilst still retaining all the values and ethos Raymond ensures at Le Manoir). Thirty-four of the UK’s Michelin-starred chefs cut their teeth at the kitchens of Le Manoir thanks to the training programme Raymond created, which sees chefs work each section for a certain period of time. He’s appeared in countless TV series and written just as many books which inform, educate and explore the world of gastronomy. He’s been the president of the Sustainable Restaurant Association, worked with the government to get more young people into hospitality and become an ambassador for British Apples and Pears to save heritage fruit varieties from being lost forever (something he is particularly proud of, and the reason why he planted an incredible fruit orchard of 2,500 trees at Le Manoir). All of this – along with his many other accolades and campaigns – is why he was awarded an OBE for services to the British food industry in 2008.

Having just turned seventy, you might think Raymond is beginning to wind down – but his work championing Britain’s food scene and at Le Manoir is far from over. With a full-on farm, network of beehives and a vineyard in the works at the restaurant, along with his continued work championing Britain’s heritage fruits and the benefits of buying organic and locally sourced produce, he’s far from done yet. Not too shabby for a young man who turned up on our shores nursing a broken jaw with no experience cooking in a professional kitchen.